Phantom perceptions are an intriguing mystery that captured and still captures the attention of many people: those who are amputated, their relatives, healthcare providers, and even the public. Indeed, it is a mystery: How is it possible to feel sensations and/or motions in a limb or a body part that has obviously been surgically removed? Unfortunately, there is no clear answer to this question. Phantom sensations and especially phantom limb pain remain medical nightmares. Moreover, we can currently not explain why phantom sensations occur in some amputees but do not in others. In the present chapter, we will first report on locations, characteristics, and descriptions of phantom sensations. We then will report on patho-physiological mechanisms that possibly might lead to phantom sensations. Finally, therapeutic options and possible future directions of research and treatment will be given.